With the development trend of China's economy, the continuous expansion of urban planning and construction scope, and the improvement of people's daily living standards, the amount of urban waste will increase.
The hazards of construction waste mainly involve the following six aspects:
Firstly, it is the occupation of land resources. At present, most of the urban garbage in China has not been resolved and is immediately transported to the suburbs for accumulation. According to a relative sedimentation height of 3 meters, urban waste accounts for approximately 2500 square meters per 10000 tons. The suburbs of many big cities are usually places where urban garbage is piled up. The accumulation of large-scale production, manufacturing, and commercial land has further exacerbated the demographic differences in China.
2、 Environmental pollution in the soil layer, urban waste, and harmful substances contained in water treatment processes can contaminate the soil layer. It includes changing the physical structure and properties of the soil layer, endangering the adsorption and growth of plant nutrients, endangering the vitality of Vibrio cholerae in the soil environment, and damaging the biodiversity of organisms in the soil layer. Harmful substances accumulate in the soil environment, leading to excessive levels of harmful substances in the soil, hindering plant growth, and even causing the death of green plants. Harmful substances can also migrate into fruits through the digestion and absorption of green plants, posing a threat to health and livestock. In addition, bacteria on urban garbage belts will continue to spread diseases, leading to biological invasion of the natural environment.
3、 Environmental pollution and water quality. After urban garbage is soaked in rainwater in the yard, the waste cement mortar and concrete pad contain a large amount of hydrated calcium sulfate and sodium carbonate, the waste gypsum contains a large amount of sulfate ions, the waste metal raw materials contain a large amount of heavy metal ions that melt, and the waste cardboard and waste wood themselves undergo anaerobic fermentation and dissolution, resulting in wood cellulose and tannic acid, which dissolve and lead to organic matter. The biological fluidized bed water caused by urban garbage in the landfill is generally strong alkali, containing a large amount of heavy metal ions, hydrogen chloride, and a certain amount of organic compounds. After water pollution, it will simultaneously endanger and damage the lives of aquatic organisms and the use of water sources.
4、 Air pollution. The key source of vapor environmental pollution comes from the conversion of many sulfate ions in waste gypsum into hydrogen sulfide gas under anaerobic fermentation standards. Under anaerobic fermentation standards, waste cardboard, wood cellulose, and tannic acid dissolve to produce volatile organic compounds.
5、 The deterioration of public health and natural environment.
6、 Some construction waste stations have opened immediately to a large extent, and there are many risks around the construction site, becoming temporary dumping sites for urban waste. Due to only considering the convenience of construction projects and the lack of necessary security measures, urban garbage often collapses, blocks roads, and even flows towards other construction projects under the direct influence of external factors.
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