With the rapid development of China's economic and urban construction, the urban population continues to grow, people's living standards are constantly improving, and domestic waste is also increasing accordingly. As urbanization progresses, waste, as a metabolic product of cities, has become a burden on urban development. Currently, waste is still primarily disposed of in open piles, posing increasingly severe environmental hazards. Therefore, it is urgent to dispose of urban domestic waste in an environmentally friendly and economical manner. Existing waste disposal methods include landfill, river, sea, composting, incineration, and recycling.
Currently, landfilling is the primary method for waste disposal, accounting for approximately 70% of the total disposal volume. This approach is widely used in most regions of the world, particularly in less developed areas. It boasts several advantages, including low construction and operational costs, straightforward operation, and a large disposal capacity. However, it also has numerous drawbacks:
1. It requires a large area of land, making site selection challenging and land acquisition costs high;
2. A large amount of resources are wasted in garbage, which is artificially transformed into resources that cannot be used for planting. The huge wealth that is thrown away cannot meet the needs of resource disposal;
3. Environmental pollution is severe. Due to the inadequacy of existing landfill construction in meeting the requirements of sanitary landfills, bacteria and toxins from garbage continue to penetrate downward, polluting the soil and water quality.
As accumulation increases and time extends, pollution spreads to the surrounding areas and deep underground, posing hazards for thousands of years. The toxic gases emitted by garbage diffuse into the surrounding environment, creating three-dimensional pollution in the air, surroundings, and underground. Although many developed regions and some relatively developed cities in China have established a small number of "sanitary landfills" to reduce some pollution, there are still many environmental pollution problems caused by imperfect technology, and these issues cannot be fundamentally resolved.
Therefore, the advantages of garbage classification equipment become prominent. By using garbage classification equipment to recycle household waste, accurately categorize urban household waste, and then adopt appropriate treatment methods based on the different properties of the categorized waste, it can be recycled and utilized, truly achieving harmlessness, reduction, and minimization of waste hazards. This reduces humanity's demand for natural resources and realizes the sustainable use of resources. Therefore, the application prospects of garbage classification equipment are very broad.
Through processes such as unified garbage supply, automatic garbage sorting system, air separation system, and magnetic separation system, various types of garbage in urban and rural areas are classified into: inorganic matter, sand, organic matter, non-recyclable combustible materials, plastic film, ferromagnetic materials, etc.
The purity of the aforementioned waste products and their separation can reach over 85%, and the separation rate of plastic film waste can exceed 90%. This lays a solid foundation for the next step of "resource recovery and industrialization" in waste disposal. By treating and increasing the amount of waste incineration, we can reduce nearly four-fifths of the waste, using waste to treat waste, thus saving considerable operational costs.
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