The majority of urban household waste treatment projects and methods still rely on traditional landfill methods, occupying tens of thousands of acres; Insects and flies fly, sewage spills, foul odors, and serious environmental pollution. Therefore, garbage classification and collection can reduce the amount and equipment of garbage treatment, lower treatment costs, reduce land resource consumption, and have social, economic, and environmental benefits.
What is the principle of garbage sorting equipment? Since the reform and opening up, with the sustained rapid development of the economy and the rapid expansion of urbanization, we have become a major producer of household waste. The resulting household waste is randomly piled up Massive encroachment on land Serious environmental pollution Wasting a large amount of resources has become an important factor affecting environmental protection and sustainable development. So, how to sort garbage? What is the principle of garbage sorting equipment?
Garbage classification has always constrained the development of garbage treatment technology, whether it is incineration technology, incomplete garbage sorting, landfill treatment process or comprehensive treatment process, which often make the entire production line unable to operate normally.
Urban household waste enters the conveyor through the conveying system, passes through the large-scale waste pretreatment system, and then enters the crushing system, drum screen, etc. And tear the garbage into different sizes of garbage. This process can effectively separate kitchen and food waste. Then use magnetic separation system, eddy current separation system, air separation system, and optical separation system to collect and classify recyclable materials of different colors and materials such as plastic, paper, metal, etc. for sale. The screened organic matter can be used for composting/incineration, and inert substances can be made into cement bricks or building cement aggregates.
Garbage classification equipment can handle various types of household waste, and common household waste classifications are as follows:
1. Recyclable waste: mainly including waste paper, plastic, glass, five types of metals, and fabrics. Waste paper: mainly includes newspapers, magazines, books, various packaging papers, office paper, advertising paper, cardboard boxes, etc. However, it should be noted that tissues and toilet paper cannot be recycled due to their strong water solubility. Plastic: mainly includes various plastic bags, plastic packaging materials, disposable plastic lunch boxes and utensils, toothbrushes, cups, mineral water bottles, etc.
Glass: mainly includes various glass bottles, broken glass pieces, mirrors, light bulbs, thermos bottles, etc. Metal: mainly includes cans, canned goods, toothpaste wrappers, etc. Fabric: mainly includes discarded clothes. Tablecloths, face towels, backpacks, shoes, and so on. Through comprehensive processing and recycling, pollution can be reduced and resources can be saved. For example, for every ton of recycled paper, 850 kilograms of paper can be made, saving 300 kilograms of wood and reducing pollution by 74% compared to the same mass production; For every 1 ton of plastic beverage bottles recycled, 0.7 tons of secondary raw materials can be obtained; Every ton of scrap steel recycled can produce 0.9 tons of steel, saving 47% of costs compared to ore smelting, 75% of air pollution, and 97% of water pollution and solid waste.
2. Kitchen waste: including leftover food such as bones, vegetable roots, leaves, fruit peels, etc., which can be processed and composted on-site through biotechnology to produce 0.3 tons of organic fertilizer per ton.
3. Hazardous waste: including waste batteries, waste fluorescent tubes, waste mercury thermometers, expired drugs, etc., which require special treatment.
4. Other garbage: In addition to the above-mentioned garbage, it includes difficult to recycle waste such as bricks, tiles, ceramics, slag, toilet waste paper, and toilet paper towels, which can effectively reduce groundwater, surface water, soil pollution, and air pollution.
We can feel the benefits of garbage sorting equipment:
1. For residents: reduce the odor in the kitchen, especially the cabinets for storing garbage cans; Reduce the breeding of cockroaches; The possibility of bacteria; Make household waste cleaning and disposal an easy and clean task; Beneficial for maintaining the hygiene environment of stairwells and residential areas.
2. Environmental sanitation department and property management: improve the working environment of environmental sanitation; Effectively reducing waste production; Reduce secondary pollution during the process of garbage collection and transportation; Reduce the difficulty and cost of garbage collection and transportation.
3. Municipal and transportation management departments: reduce the number of garbage trucks and the pollution caused by the dripping of garbage and sewage on the road surface, and improve the garbage disposal capacity.
4. Environment and resource recycling: Reduce the pollution of recyclable materials by kitchen waste and improve resource recycling rates; Improve the treatment conditions of landfills and incineration plants, reduce pollutants such as leachate, biogas, and exhaust gas emissions.
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